[en] Studied is the mechanism of the ionizing radiation effect on the heterogeneous systems, containing dispersed silica gels as one of the components. Radiation-chemical transformations of substances adsorbed by silica gels (radiolysis and radiation- chemical synthesis) are characterized by increased yields and by sufficient change of reaction selectivity in comparison with homogeneous medium. It is shown that in silica gel case, surface may also participate in radiolysis and in radiation-chemical synthesis as a chemical agent, generating hot hydrogen atoms and active surface SiO- and Si- radicals into the reaction zone under radiation. The data obtained are analyzed from the point of view of peculiarities of the building of i-O bonds and also of the chemical properties of the silica gel surface. It testifies that silica gel sorbents may be viewed as peculiar effective chemical agents in radiation- chemical reactions of adsorbed substances