[en] Investigated is the effect of neutron irradiation (with neutron fluence from 0 to 10²⁰n/cm²) on antifrictional characteristics (such as wear, friction coefficient, lubrication temperature) of the structural materials (armo iron, the 45 steel, malleable cast iron, technical copper, brass and lead bronze) in boundary friction. The testing temperature is up to 100 deg C. It is shown that a strict regularity exists for all the materials: namely, the decrease of antifrictional characteristics at a low radiation dose and the increase at a considerable dose (10¹⁹ n/cm² and higher). Such a regularity is caused by the increase of material hardness (strength) as a result of surplus defect concentration during irradiation. Studied is also the change in structure hardness and antifrictional characteristics of materials under the action of neutron irradiation (from 0.5x10²⁰ up to 2.7x10²⁰ n/cm²) at high temperature (up to 600 deg C). Investigated were the Kh18N10T austenitic steel, R9 and R18 tool steels, ceramic metals (Fe15MO6CaF₂, Fe6CaF₂, Fe9CaF₂) and chromium nitride, boride coatings and coatings of the TsN12 alloy. The conclusion is made that the irradiation of steels and coatings at high temperature results in the change in structure, in the decrease of material hardness and antifrictional characteristics. Given and discussed are the data on wear resistance and friction coefficient of various friction pair combinations of Kh18NI9T, R18, Eh347Sh steels (with and without coatings) and of ceramic metals (Fe15Mo6CaF₂, Fe6CaF₂, Fe9CaF₂) in argon and sodium at various exposure in reactor