[en] Extensive analytical and experimental studies have been performed at Creare to identify and assess phenomena that may occur while attempting to refill a pressurized water reactor (PWR) vessel following a loss of coolant accident. The major purposes of the separate-effects studies at small scale are to: identify phenomena; establish a data base for testing computer codes; develop simple, semi-empirical analyses to aid model-development and licensing evaluations; and propose scaling hypotheses and calculation methods