[en] In order to produce high energetic neutral beams to provide an additionnal heating in fusion devices, one method is to base these injectors on the acceleration and neutralisation of a D^- ion beam. The near term goal is one ampere of D^- ions produced continuously with a current density > 20 mA/cm₂ with a high gas efficiency and a long pulse duration (> 10 s). Three systems for D^- beam formation are presented which involve three different D^- formation processes. 1) A modified closed bucket source based of the D^- production process by dissociative attachement of vibrationnally excited D² molecules. 2) Surface plasma source based on interaction between plasma particles and a low work function cesiated surface. 3) A double electron capture D^- source based on the double charge exchange of a low energy D⁺ beam with a high supersonic cesium jet