[en] We pay a special attention to the stopping of nonrelativistic pointlike ions in dense and hot matter. First, we consider the free electron contribution, taken in the RPA approximation with an exact dynamic dielectric function, valid at any temperature. Therefore, we obtain stopping power and straggling for any projectile velocity. The temperature dependence is of a special relevance for a projectile energy smaller than 5 MeV/a.m.v. Next, we revisite the Barkas effect (Z³ corrections) through a novel and compact formulation, which is based on an analogy with electron impact broadening theory. It allows to include easily the non hydrogenic and electronic structure of the target ions, in a much enhanced selective fashion. The results may increase the usual Z²-stopping by 15 up to 30% corrections