[en] The recent development of accelerator-based pulsed neutron sources as an alternative to reactor sources has caused a renewed interest in time-of-flight neutron diffraction techniques because the time-of-flight method can be optimally used at pulsed sources. Since neutrons have finite mass, and therefore travel at a velocity proportional to their wavelength, neutron diffraction can be done either by the conventional technique commonly used for X-rays, where a single wavelength is used, or by the time-of-flight technique, where all wavelengths are used. In a conventional diffraction experiment with monochromatic radiation, the Bragg equation d = lambda/(2 sin theta) is satisfied by varying the angle 2 theta at which the scattered radiation is detected. In a time-of-flight diffraction experiment, all wavelengths lambda are allowed to scatter from the sample and are determined by recording the times at which neutrons arrive at a detector in a fixed position. Neutron diffraction has been done by the time-of-flight technique for many years using mechanical neutron choppers at reactor sources, but found only limited application because the chopper instruments could not be properly optimized with respect to beam size, pulse width, and repetition rate. The new accelerator-based pulsed neutron sources produce neutrons in short, intense bursts, eliminating the need for mechanical choppers. The pulse width and repetition rate can be tailored to meet the requirements of a particular instrument. After only a few years of development, this has allowed time-of-flight diffraction instruments at moderately-sized pulsed neutron sources