[en] This document reviews the processes potentially available, and their state of development, for the removal of alpha activity from aqueous waste streams. In present practice, most such streams are treated by precipitation, usually with an iron hydroxide, but the potential role and limitations of other precipitants, of ion exchange techniques and solvent extraction are also discussed as well as newer electrochemical methods. Because of the importance of precipitation, and the fact the α-activity often occurs in suspended form in wastes, the methods for solids separation and concentration are considered in some detail, together with other physical processes such as evaporation. The equipment and operational aspects are also discussed, particularly for precipitation, ion exchange and solvent extraction treatments. The conclusions relate to an extensive table in which the different methods are compared. The optimum treatment or combination of treatments will depend on the waste stream and other circumstances (particularly on the chemical and radiological constituents of the waste, and its rate of arising) and the aim of this work is to give an initial guide to the choice among the options. (author)