[en] Solution of the problem, related to infrared divergences in quantum electrodynamics (QED), is described in detail. Collinear divergences, leading in a number of cases to the twofold logarithmic amplitude asymptotics, are discussed. Kinoshita-Lee-Nanenberg theorem is formulated. A brief review of situation in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is made. Kinematic graph structure in QCD is in general similar to that in QED, but there are some significant particular differences, among which the most important one is the violation of soft quantum free emission. ''Infrared'' ideology allows to describe uniformly such different QCD phenomena as jet formation cross section, scaling violation in deep inelastic scattering Drell-Jahn process at high transverse momenta of a lepton pair and exclusive processes at large momentum transfers