[en] Monitoring results are reported for strontium-90 and cesium-137 contents in soil of 23 sampling points all over Japan from Hokkaido to Okinawa. Soil samples were collected by the criteria that the sampling points were spacious and flat without past disturbance and that those should be eliminated which located in a forest, in a stony area, or inside of a river banks. The samples were taken from two layers of depth of 0 to 5 cm and 5 to 20 cm. After drying, they were passed through a 2 mm sieve and employed for radiochemical separation and radioactivity counting sample preparation of treatment with sodium hydroxide followed by hydrochloric acid and of precipitation with chemical reagents. Radioactivity of strontium-90 or cesium-137 was determined with a low background beta counter usually for 60 minutes. During a sampling period of June 1984 to December 1984, strontium-90 contents in soil of the depth of 0 to 5 cm and 5 to 20 cm were ranged from 4 +- 2.8 pCi/kg (0.2 mCi/km², at Kokufu, Tottori) to 2100 +- 30 pCi/kg (19 mCi/km² at Oota, Shimane), and from 5 +- 2.7 pCi/kg (0.7 mCi/km², at Matsuyama, Ehime) to 630 +- 14 pCi/kg (37 mCi/km² at Oota), respectively. Cesium-137 contents were also ranged from 4 +- 2.2 pCi/kg (0.4 mCi/km², at Hiroshima-shi, Hiroshima) to 5200 +- 40 pCi/kg (47 mCi/km², at Oota) in 0 to 5 cm depth, and from 0 +- 3 pCi/kg (0 mCi/km², at Aomori-shi, Aomori) to 1600 +- 20 pCi/kg (92 mCi/km², at Oota) in 5 to 20 cm depth. Local variance of the both radionuclide contents in soil were very large, and relatively larger contents were found in the area of the side of the Sea of Japan. (Takagi, S.)