[en] The neutron gun combines a new core ion source of the cold type based on X-ray ionization and new cold type of neutron source working with core ion generation. The neutrons are formed from the impact of core ions on the negatively charged anode. Based on a new conversion function, the function of the positive anode becomes analogous to the beta-unstable decomposition of a neutron. A core ion and neutron amplifier in the sense of amplifying the number is derived from the beta-unstable neutron decomposition, in order to raise the output of a gun in pulsed operation by using the number amplification in the intervals between the pulses. The method of construction is simple and cheap, the equipment has purely linear acceleration or operation with circular acceleration with linear pre-acceleration as an alternative. Purely linear operation should be sufficient for medical applications, e.g. for neutron photography to replay X-ray photography and particularly for neutron scalpels in the surgical treatment of tumours. (orig./HP)