[en] Nuclear power destiny in various states including Russia is not free from questions. Where there is plenty of non-expensive natural gas or coal in a country, the competition of nuclear power with other power sources is especially intense. Until one considers the economic efficiency or environmental impact of the normally operating plant, the estimate of the proponents favorite choice may be rather optimistic in many cases. As soon as safety aspects of nuclear power are concerned it is necessary to answer very significant questions about the dangers resulting from severe accidents. TMI and, to a greater extent, Chernobyl, demonstrated the other aspect of the severe accident problem. It serves no purpose to dwell upon the inadequate reaction of the population on the radiation problem. It is of little use to try to prove that the health consequences of the Chernobyl or some other radiation accident are substantially overestimated. To make an advance one must substantially reduce the severe accident risk. Besides that is is necessary to give a convincing proof that such a reduction has really been made