[en] Analytical possibilities of neutron activation analysis for studying the elemental content of atmospheric aerosols at the IBR-2 reactor are discussed on the basis of the experimental results on concentrations of nearly 40 elements in the air of two, namely, a remote and an industrial Siberian regions. Methodological aspects of the use of small-pore filters, the influence of their background trace-element contents on the sensitivity of NAA, the reliability of the results, as well as preferable strategy of atmospheric aerosols sampling are discussed