[en] This contribution presents the recently obtained results on the sorption of heavy metals by natural microporous materials (especially zeolites and bentonite) of different origin. The sorption of caesium and strontium from its aqueous solutions by ten clinoptilolite-mordenite-containing sedimentary materials from Slovakia, Bulgaria, Ukraine and Greece and bentonite was investigated a batch-type procedure and radiotracer techniques. The experimental results provide information on suitability of the individual materials for the treatment of radioactive waste and their application as backfills in potential nuclear waste repositories. Furthermore, the sorption of cadmium, mercury and zinc-ions by zeolites and bentonite was investigated using batch techniques and radioactive tracers. Uptake values and distribution coefficients were calculated in order to study the suitability of these materials for utilization in the environmental technology (i.g. treatment of industrial waste). (author)