[en] The question of a radioinduced cancer after breast irradiation for detection was asked and a controversy between the benefit and the associated risk obliged to make studies about it. From evaluation made in Usa, Sweden and Great Britain, results have allowed to show a reduction of the mortality about 40 to 60 % for the fifty and over years old woman, the same results can be got for 40 to 49 years old women by using new techniques of mammography and by choosing an interval between two examinations in function the age and breast density. Before 35 years old, the mammography benefit in term of detection is null and the risk is, in any case too high, even if it is low. (N.C.)