[en] Growing scope of development and production of natural mineral resources, social and industrial development of various regions located far from fossil fuel deposits and centralized power supply systems, urgently require reliable and abundant sources of energy.Many prospective regions still have no adequate transport infrastructure, e.g. year-round navigable water ways and railways. Severe and unstable climatic conditions, seasonal character of bulk deliveries there cause the necessity to accumulate considerable (more than annual needs) stocks of fossil fuels. Due to far distance of fuel delivery its cost there is in many times (5 to tenths) higher than in places of production. Under such conditions nuclear sources of energy, capable of generating heat and electricity, appear to be efficient, economically and environmentally attractive alternative.OKB Mechanical Engineering has consistently been developing various advanced small size nuclear reactors for generating heat and electric energy. Construction of nuclear plants with ATEC, ABV and KLT-40S reactors at 'Baikal 1' sites in Kurchatov and Leninogorsk would allow the problem of the towns energy demands provision to be solved, together with further development of research and experimental facilities available at the Kazakhstan National Nuclear Center