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AbstractAbstract
[en] In accordance with the guidance provided by IAEA, this summary provides a brief overview of the U.S. national nuclear power program, a discussion of issues or activities which may influence training and qualification programs, current changes or activities in the area of personnel training, and an overview of bilateral assistance activities. The U.S. Activities Summary (Power Point presentation slides), contain additional information. There are currently 103 operating nuclear power plants in the United States. Sixty-nine plants are pressurized water reactors and thirty-four are boiling water reactors. Since 1980, forty plants have been commissioned. The U.S program has experienced significant improvements in capacity factor (currently 90). Perhaps the biggest influence on training will be the impact of an aging workforce. A recent survey conducted by the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) has projected a need for 90,000 new employees in the nuclear industry (includes manufacturers, suppliers, nuclear power plants, Department of Energy National Laboratories and operating contractors, etc.) in the next 10 years. 26,000 of these positions are needed for staffing nuclear power plants. While qualified employees will be available to fill most positions, some shortages of nuclear engineers and health physicists are being projected. An increased emphasis on nuclear surety (safety and security) will also have some influences on staffing and training of personnel. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has implemented several changes in the requirements for the licensing of reactor operators and senior reactor operators (includes shift supervisors). These changes are in the Code of Federal Regulations, 10 CFR Part 55 (i.e., 10 CFR 55). One change involves requirements for simulator certification. The requirement for initial certification to NRC of full-scope simulators and re-certification every 4 years has been eliminated. Industry experience has shown that most problems with simulator fidelity are discovered during operator training and not through periodic malfunction testing. The second change effects the initial licensing of operators. The regulations previously required 5 reactivity manipulations to be performed by a trainee on the actual plant. Due to improved simulator fidelity, the requirement for reactivity manipulations may now be met by performance of the evolutions on a full-scope simulator. The simulator core model must reflect the current core load. NRC has also changed 10 CFR 55 to allow the operating plant to prepare the initial written and operating examinations. This change was made to conserve NRC resources and reflects the ability of the plants to prepare high quality written and operating tests that better reflect plant-specific content. The U.S. continues to provide nuclear safety assistance for Soviet-designed nuclear power plants. The following is a brief summary of assistance in the training and simulator area of the International Nuclear Safety Program managed by the Department of Energy/National Nuclear Security Administration. To date, 6 full-scope simulators, 4 full-scope simulator upgrades, and 4 analytical/multi-function simulators have been completed. The analytical simulators each have full-scope models and most have complete panel graphics. Three (3) full-scope simulators are under construction and 2 more are planned. This simulator development program, started in December 1994, is probably the largest such program ever undertaken by a single organization. The U.S. is continuing to provide training assistance in Ukraine and Armenia. Training assistance in Russia, Bulgaria, and Lithuania is to be completed this year. For simulator projects, training is also provided
Original Title
NPP personnel training
Primary Subject
Source
International Atomic Energy Agency, Technical Working Group on Training and Qualification of Nuclear Power Plant Personnel, Vienna (Austria); 274 p; 2003; p. 222-231; IAEA-TWG-T-Q technical committee meeting on national NPP personnel training and qualification programmes; Vienna (Austria); 18-20 Mar 2002
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Report
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Conference
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