[en] The disperse composition of particles emitted by a surface of both irradiated fuel and lava-like fuel-containing materials (LFCM) of the 'Shelter' object as a result of spontaneous dust production phenomenon had been under the experimental study for the first time. It was established that typical grade of fuel and LFCM disperse phase is 50 nm and 30 nm correspondingly. The possible physical mechanisms responsible for spontaneous dust production preliminary leads to the conclusion that phenomenon under observation have a universal character for high-radioactive dielectrics. The preliminary estimation for possible influence of such a phenomenon on radiation surround in the 'Shelter' object gives evidence in favour of both the current problem actuality and further development as well