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AbstractAbstract
[en] A brief review is presented of the electrochemical mitigation of IGSCC in water-cooled reactor heat transport circuit structural materials. Electrochemical control and mitigation is possible, because of the existence of a critical potential for IGSCC and by the feasibility of modifying the environment to displace the corrosion potential (ECP) to a value that is more negative than the critical value. However, even in cases where the ECP cannot be displaced sufficiently in the negative direction to become more negative than the critical potential, considerable advantage is accrued, because of the roughly exponential dependence of crack growth rate on potential. The most important parameters in affecting electrochemical control over the ECP and crack growth rate are the kinetic parameters (exchange current densities and Tafel constants) for the redox reactions involving the principal radiolysis products of water (O2, H2, H2O2), external solution composition (concentrations of O2, H2O2, and H2), flow velocity, and the conductivity of the bulk environment. The kinetic parameters for the redox reactions essentially determine the charge transfer impedance of the steel surface, which is shown to be one of the key parameters in affecting the magnitude of the coupling current and hence the crack growth rate. The exchange current densities, in particular, are amenable to control by catalysis or inhibition, with the result that surface modification techniques are highly effective in controlling and mitigating IGSCC in reactor coolant circuit materials. (authors)
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Source
2002; 11 p; Chemistry 2002: International conference on water chemistry in nuclear reactors systems - operation optimisation and new developments; Chimie 2002: La chimie de l'eau dans les reacteurs nucleaires - Optimisation de l'exploitation et developpements nouveaux; Avignon (France); 22-26 Apr 2002; Also available from SFEN-CHIMIE2002, 67, rue Blomet, 75015 Paris (France)
Record Type
Miscellaneous
Literature Type
Conference
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Country of publication
ALLOYS, AUSTENITIC STEELS, CARBON ADDITIONS, CHEMICAL RADIATION EFFECTS, CHEMICAL REACTIONS, CHEMISTRY, CHROMIUM ALLOYS, CHROMIUM-NICKEL STEELS, COOLING SYSTEMS, CORROSION, CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOYS, DECOMPOSITION, ENERGY SYSTEMS, ENRICHED URANIUM REACTORS, HEAT RESISTANT MATERIALS, HEAT RESISTING ALLOYS, HIGH ALLOY STEELS, IRON ALLOYS, IRON BASE ALLOYS, KINETICS, MATERIALS, NICKEL ALLOYS, POWER REACTORS, RADIATION EFFECTS, REACTION KINETICS, REACTOR COMPONENTS, REACTOR COOLING SYSTEMS, REACTORS, SIMULATION, STAINLESS STEELS, STEEL-CR19NI10, STEELS, THERMAL REACTORS, TRANSITION ELEMENT ALLOYS, WATER COOLED REACTORS, WATER MODERATED REACTORS
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