[en] Waste management is something that affects most people. The waste amounts are still increasing, but the waste treatment is changing towards recycling and integrated solutions. In Sweden producers' responsibility for different products, a tax and bans on deposition of waste at landfills implicates a reorganisation of the municipal solid waste management. Plans are made for new incineration plants, which leads to that waste combustion comes to play a role in the reorganisation of the Swedish energy system as well. The energy system is supposed to adapt to governmental decisions on decommission of nuclear plants and decreased use of fossil fuels. Waste from private households consists of hazardous waste, scrap waste, waste electronics and wastes that to a large extent are generated in the kitchen. The latter type has been studied in this thesis, except for newsprint, glass- and metal packages that by source separation haven't ended up in the waste bin. Besides the remaining amount of the above mentioned fractions, the waste consists of food waste, paper, cardboard- and plastic packages and inert material. About 80-90 % of this mixed household waste is combustible, and the major part of that is also possible to recycle. Several systems analyses of municipal solid waste management have been performed. Deposition at landfill has been compared to energy recovery, recycling of material (plastic and cardboard) and recycling of nutrients (in food waste). Environmental impact, fuel consumption and costs are calculated for the entire lifecycle from the households, until the waste is treated and the by-products have been taken care of. To stop deposition at landfills is the most important measure to take as to decrease the environmental impact from landfills, and instead use the waste as a resource, thereby substituting production from virgin resources (avoiding resource extraction and emissions). The best alternative to landfilling is incineration, but also material recycling and biological treatment are possible. Recycling of plastic has slightly less environmental impact and energy consumption than incineration. The difference is small due to that plastic is such a small part of the total waste amount, and that just a small part of the collected amount is recycled. Cardboard recycling is comparable to incineration; there are both advantages and disadvantages. Source separation of food waste may lead to higher transport emissions due to intensified collection, but several environmental advantages are observed if the waste is digested and the produced biogas substitutes diesel in busses. Composting has no environmental advantages compared to incineration, mainly due to lack of energy recovery. The recycling options are more expensive than incineration. The increased cost must be seen in relation to the environmental benefits and decreased energy use. If the work with source separation made by the households is included in the analysis, the welfare costs for source separation and recycling becomes non-profitable. It is however doubted how much time is consumed and how it should be valued in monetary terms. In systems analyses, several impacts are not measured. Environmental impact has been studied, but not all environmental impact. As the parts of the system are under constant change, the results are not true forever. Recycling may not be unambiguously advantageous today, but it can be in the future. Despite the fact that systems analysis has been developed during 10 years in Sweden, there are still many decisions taken regarding waste management without support from systems analysis and use of computer models. The minority of users is pleased with the results achieved, but the systems analysis is far from easy to use. The adaptation of tools and models to the demands from the potential users should consider that organisations of different sizes have shifting demands and needs. The application areas for systems analysis and models are strategic planning, decisions about larger investments and education in universities and within organisations. Systems analysis and models may be used in pre-planning procedures. A potential is a more general application (Technology Assessment) in predominantly waste- and biofuel based energy processes, but also for assessment of new technical components in a systems perspective. The methodology and systems approach developed within the systems analysis has here been transformed to an assessment of environmental, economic and technical performance of technical systems in a broad sense