[en] Brazil, still a developing country, has an Industrial Nuclear Program, that although small has already achieved a good standard: two NPPs in operation, i.e., ANGRA I and II with 2 GW installed electric capacity are generating approximately 2% of the total installed electricity, a third unit under construction, a fuel cycle industry, INB, with the capability to provide fuel elements for the NPPs. The Brazilian Navy pursues a nuclear program for nuclear propulsion which includes all the front end of the fuel cycle, including the enrichment by ultracentrifuge that is being transferred also to the industrial sector (INB). Research and development is conducted by the various Research Institutes of the Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN): IPEN, CDTN, and IEN which have appropriate technical capability and facilities (research reactors and accelerators) to support the industrial nuclear program, provide products and services for the Brazilian society (e.g., radioisotopes), as well as to develop new technologies. It is fair to say, however, that the Brazilian research institutions do need some new challenges, mainly to motivate and to stimulate a new generation of young engineers and scientists to pursue careers in nuclear energy R and D. The Brazilian Nuclear Physics research, being pursued mainly by the Universities, has an outstanding standard. This is documented by the number of publications in international journals, scientific citations, the number and quality of scientists, and by its capability to form human resources (Ph.D. students). However, it is felt that this scientific potential, a few exceptions apart, still needs to transfer the benefits of the scientific knowledge to the Brazilian society. These boundary conditions call for a R and D program which identifies synergies, society needs, is in agreement with the international developments in science and technology, meets sustainability criteria, matches the Brazilian reality, provides an umbrella for the activities already underway in Nuclear Physics and Engineering, and preserves the identities and focus of the various institutions involved. ADS related research and development is being pursued by IPEN (design calculation, development of an Alternative Concept for a Fast Energy Amplifier). Moreover, IPEN operates a small cyclotrons, CV-28. The IPEN CV-28 cyclotron is presently not operational, but suitable for R and D: it is a compact, isochronous, multi-particle radiation source where protons, deuterons, 3He++, and alpha particles can be accelerated with variable energies up to 24, 14, 36, and 28 MeV respectively. Finally, IPEN is also operating the Cyclone-30 from IBA which is dedicated to radioisotope production (201-Tl, 123-I, 67-Ga), an electron accelerator used in high social and economic impact projects (e.g., food irradiation), and a Van de Graaff capable to provide a 14 MeV neutron source. The Physics Institute of Sao Paulo University-IFUSP is implementing various R and D activities/projects, in areas such as nuclear reactions with heavy ions, nuclear structure, photo nuclear reactions, ion implantation, non destructive techniques using accelerators beams. These programs are centered on IFUSP facilities, i.e., a heavy ion electrostatic accelerator (PELLETRON), a linear accelerator (LINAC), and an electron accelerator (MICROTRON), as well as associated experimental facilities. The institute is also performing theoretical research on nuclear reactions of interest to ADS (spallation-cascade evaporation model). Given the outlined scenario, IPEN-IFUSP have identified the possibility to launch a program on the utilization of accelerators. This programs would have three main pillars: R and D in basic and applied nuclear physics and engineering (e.g., low energy cross sections nuclear reactions, charged particle activation analysis, hydrogen implantation for angular correlation studies, excitation function determination, helium embrittlement in structural reactor materials, radiation damage in metals and alloys, thin layer activation (TLA), beam monitoring), products and services (new routes and new radioisotopes production, proton therapy), and an ADS neutron source which could be used to realize research in long-lived radioactive waste transmutation and energy production. The facility could constitute a replacement for the present and be a replacement for the present Critical Research Reactor (IEA-R1), the long-term goal (∼ 20 years) being an 'Experimental Accelerator Application Facility' (Cyclotron or LINAC 300-400 MeV, 2-5 mA). The proposed facility could provide experimental opportunities in many more areas, like target development, study of fission products induced by deuterium into uranium target, neutron radiography, Rutherford back scattering (RBS), elastic recoil detection analysis (ERDA), particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE), perturbed angular distribution, Moesbauer spectroscopy, and material modification with energetic beams. In order to achieve such a long term goal, IPEN-IFUSP are working on a road map (strategic plan), to identify, both on a national and international level, the presently available facilities and ongoing activities, as well as the pathways, milestones, strategies (scientific, technological, and financial), international cooperation and technology transfer requirements and opportunities, resources, etc. The first milestone of this road map is the design of a zero power lead cooled U/Th metallic fuel sub-critical facility driven by neutrons from the interaction of a 28 MeV proton beam from a cyclotron with Be, or by 14 MeV D-T reaction neutrons from a Van De Graaff