[en] Mushrooms can accumulate heavy metals in general, including radionuclides found in the nature. However, little attention has been paid to the radioactive content of mushrooms collected in Spain and the dose for the population due to their ingestion. To address this, we analysed the contents of ¹³⁷Cs, ⁴⁰K, ²²⁶Ra and ⁷Be present in different species of mushrooms, according to their genus and nutritional mechanism. We observed that mycorrhizal mushrooms accumulate ¹³⁷Cs more than saprophytes, and vice versa for ⁷Be. ⁴⁰K and ²²⁶Ra are accumulated to the same degree by the two groups of mushrooms. We estimated the dose due to ingestion of mushrooms in Spain to be 2 μSv/year, and the contribution of ⁴⁰K and ²²⁶Ra to be generally greater than that of ¹³⁷Cs. The contribution of ¹³⁷Cs to the dose was calculated by taking into account the results of an experiment carried out under the controlled laboratory conditions, which showed that approximately 98% of ¹³⁴Cs was associated with the readily digestible fraction of the mushrooms