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Sten, P.; Puhakka, E.; Ikaevalko, E.; Lehikoinen, J.; Olin, M.; Sirkiae, P.; Kinnunen, P.; Laitinen, T.
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo (Finland)2002
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo (Finland)2002
AbstractAbstract
[en] The construction materials used in coolant systems in nuclear power plants become covered with oxide films as a result of exposure to the aqueous coolant. The present work belongs to a research program on the properties of such films and especially on the transport of inorganic species through the films. The focus is on the incorporation of the highly energetic long-lived cobalt isotope 60Co in the films causing build-up of radiation fields in the out-of-core system. The present report concentrates on experimental adsorption studies both in ambient conditions and in high-temperature (573 K and 507 K) high-pressure conditions closely resembling those prevailing in the cooling circuits of nuclear power plants. In addition to cobalt adsorption, adsorption of zinc and nickel were studied, as a novel method to decrease the activity incorporation due to 60Co is injection of zinc into the primary coolant. Potentiometric acid-base titrations of hematite suspensions were conducted in the presence and absence of adsorbing metal cations (Zn2+, Co2+, Ni2+). Surface complexation model including surface precipitation was used to explain the high-temperature titration data. The tentative equilibrium constants of the adsorption reactions, extracted by FITEQL version 4.0 modelling software, were used to calculate high-temperature pH edges. Although there seems to be practically no difference in the high-temperature adsorption affinities between zinc and cobalt, it is easy to understand that zinc can, however, be used to retard cobalt adsorption provided that zinc concentration in the solution is considerable higher than cobalt concentration. (orig.)
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Dec 2002; 37 p; ISBN 951-38-6178-3;
; ISBN 951-38-6177-5;
; Available at http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/index.html from VTT Information Service, P.O.Box 2000, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland


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BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, CHALCOGENIDES, CHARGED PARTICLES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, COBALT ISOTOPES, COOLING SYSTEMS, ELEMENTS, ENERGY SYSTEMS, FILMS, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES, IONS, IRON COMPOUNDS, IRON ORES, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, MATERIALS, METALS, MINERALS, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, NUCLEAR FACILITIES, NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, ORES, OXIDE MINERALS, OXIDES, OXYGEN COMPOUNDS, POWER PLANTS, QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, RADIOISOTOPES, REACTOR COMPONENTS, REACTOR COOLING SYSTEMS, SORPTION, TEMPERATURE RANGE, THERMAL POWER PLANTS, TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS, TRANSITION ELEMENTS, VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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