[en] The experimental and theoretical results on the properties of the isotopes of superheavy elements, obtained up to now, have made it possible to consider different reactions for the synthesis of heavier nuclei located in the vicinity of the closed proton and neutron shells. It is shown that the advance to the heaviest possible nuclei, for which the microscopic models predict further rise of stability, is inseparably linked to the future investigation of the mechanism of synthesis reactions. Direct and model experiments, aimed at solving this problem, are also discussed