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AbstractAbstract
[en] To reconstruct the shape and position of the plasma boundary of ITER, in-vessel magnetic coils will be employed, which will be exposed to radiation and temperature gradients. A study was undertaken to assess their impact on magnetic coil measurements and on other tokamak diagnostics employing mineral-insulated (MI) signal cables. Thermally induced electromotive force (TIEMF) voltages in MI cables with Cu, stainless steel (SS) and Ni cores have been measured, before and after 16 hours' exposure to 305 oC and 720 oC. For the tests a scanning oven was used, establishing a well defined temperature profile (ranging from 20 oC to 305 oC). For fresh Cu core cables a fine structure in the TIEMF voltages was observed with amplitudes of a few eV; for SS core cables, similar amplitudes were found, but the axial variations are smoother. The tested Ni core cables showed slow variations with amplitudes as large as 50 eV. After exposure at 305oC, hardly any change was observed. For Cu core cables exposed to 720oC, changes in Seebeck coefficient led to TIEMF voltage changes of the order of 1 eV. For the SS and Ni core cables, the changes appeared to be significantly larger. Next, U-shaped sections of the Cu and SS core cables have been irradiated in the BR2 reactor up to a local thermal neutron fluence of about 1.5·1020 n/cm2. The cables were guided through a 25 cm long double wall tube to create significant temperature gradients during the irradiation. The amplitudes of the various delayed contributions to the core-to-sheath currents can be attributed to the beta rays from activated Cu and Mn in the cables and their surroundings. The prompt current amplitudes depend strongly on the orientation of the rig inside the irradiation channel. During the first days of irradiation the prompt component amplitudes showed a drift. No correlation was observed between the core-to-core-voltages and the core-to-sheath current asymmetry. Important core-to-core voltages were observed, which could be interpreted as due to the Seebeck effect with increasing Seebeck coefficients during the irradiation. For the Cu core cable the coefficient was found to increase proportionally to the neutron fluence, with a proportionality factor of 2.5 · 10-21 (eV/oC)/(n/cm2) which could be attributed to thermal neutron induced transmutation. For the SS core cable the coefficient saturated at a local fluence of about 1019 n/cm2 and depended on the local temperature during irradiation. (author)
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Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw (Poland). Funding organisation: AREVA, rue Le Peletier 27-29, Paris Cedex 09 (France); 515 p; 2006; p. 111; 24. Symposium on Fusion Technology - SOFT 2006; Warsaw (Poland); 11-15 Sep 2006; Also available from http://www.soft2006.materials.pl. Will be published also by Elsevier in ''Fusion and Engineering Design'' (full text papers)
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Miscellaneous
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Conference
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ALLOYS, CABLES, CARBON ADDITIONS, CLOSED PLASMA DEVICES, CONDUCTOR DEVICES, ELECTRIC COILS, ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES, ELEMENTS, EQUIPMENT, HIGH ALLOY STEELS, IRON ALLOYS, IRON BASE ALLOYS, METALS, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, RADIATION FLUX, STEELS, THERMONUCLEAR DEVICES, THERMONUCLEAR REACTORS, TOKAMAK DEVICES, TOKAMAK TYPE REACTORS, TRANSITION ELEMENT ALLOYS, TRANSITION ELEMENTS
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