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AbstractAbstract
[en] Design of the Inner Breeding Tritium Cycle (IBTC) for DEMO-like He-Cooled Lithium-Lead (HCLL) breeding blankets presents many open questions on solutions and choice of operational modes and parameters. Tritium transfer limits to the environment is the top design constraint for IBTC conceptual design. Among the options, Rankine cycle is the most conservative choice for Power Conversion Cycle in terms of technology maturity and tritium control requirements. Optimization of GC-HTR designs adaptation to DEMO primary coolant (PC) [300/500 oC, 80 bar] permit one to assess the two general diverse coolant chemistry options (HT oxidation or H2 isotopic swamping). Both options are discussed in terms of tritium control, and internal and external IBTC processing demands. Permeation from breeder into the He primary coolant and extraction of bred tritium out from the Pb15.7Li act as input givens of the IBTC conception. Dynamic tritium transfer under imposed MHD advection regimes coupling with convection fields in channel thermal steady-state distributions and radial breeding sources are inputs for actual assessments based on 2D moving-slab numerical techniques. IBTC relevant polarimetric runs showing the evolution of tritium poloidal-toroidal BB-in/BB-out concentration planes in LM channels are given. Ultimate tritium processing technologies performance (CPS: Coolant Purification System, TES: Tritium Extraction System from Pb15.7Li and TRS: Tritium Recovery System from TES purging columns) acts as boundary IBTC design constraints. Actual limits for transient modes are discussed. The IBTC design variables concern: i) system disposition in the IBTC lay-out, ii) use of tritium control solution at BB design level (ex. anti-permeation barrier), (iii) selection of system processing variables (ex. LM flowing velocities) and (iv) external effluents inputs for PC chemistry control. High processing efficiencies of CPS for relatively low flow rates means by-passing IHEx does not have a significant effect on conversion efficiencies. Use of anti-permeation barriers is seen in terms of IBTC operational option. Depending of the coolant chemistry strategy, PRF if used, relax ISS (oxidation option) or WDS (H2-swamping) processing demands. Global tuning of complete set of process parameters is accomplished through an ad-hoc block diagram dynamic modeling tool. Visual realization of the multi-polarimetric runs and optimizations within the anticipated ranges are shown. (author)
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Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw (Poland). Funding organisation: AREVA, rue Le Peletier 27-29, Paris Cedex 09 (France); 515 p; 2006; p. 342; 24. Symposium on Fusion Technology - SOFT 2006; Warsaw (Poland); 11-15 Sep 2006; Also available from http://www.soft2006.materials.pl. Will be published also by Elsevier in ''Fusion and Engineering Design'' (full text papers)
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