[en] Thyroid cancer in the pediatric population, is approximately of a low frequency of 0.53%, being located in the nineteenth place among the wicked neoplasms in children younger than 15 years old. Varying more frequently histological is well differentiated adenocarcinomas that is to say the varying papillary and follicular in most patients with thyroid cancer developed in childhood, it presents metastasis to the moment of diagnosis, however with the use of Iodine 131 therapy in the postoperative of these patients, the prognostic is a good as that of the adult population. At the moment of agreement it doesn't exist in the handling of the postoperative of this neoplasm in children and teenagers the thyroid carcinoma in children spreads to be presented with forms more aggressive clinics that in the adult, and generally it associates to metastasis nodal. The work confirms the high frequency of locoregional metastasis that it is presented to the moment of diagnosis, and the lack of protocols of postoperative handling in children with Iodine 131 therapy. In the last two years 2004 and 2005, we have only observed 4 patients with thyroid cancer in our institute. (The author)