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AbstractAbstract
[en] Plasma fueling with pellet injection, pacing of edge localized modes (ELMs) by small frequent pellets, and disruption mitigation with gas jets or injected pellets are some of the most important capabilities needed for successful operation of ITER. Tools are being developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory that can be employed on ITER to provide the necessary core pellet fueling and mitigation of ELMs and disruptions. Here we present progress on the development of the pellet technology to provide reliable high throughput inner wall fueling, pellet ELM pacing with high frequency small pellets, and disruption mitigation with gas jets and pellets. Examples of how these tools can be employed on ITER are discussed. A novel high throughput twin-screw extruder is under development that can supply the 0.3 g/s (∼ 1.5 cm3 s-1 solid DT) needed by ITER for fuel pellet formation. A prototype extruder of this type has been built and is under test for throughput and steady-state performance. A pellet dropper ELM pacing tool has been developed for testing the ELM pacing concept on the DIII-D tokamak. It has obtained 50 Hz 1-mm pellet formation for up to 5 seconds. The dropper achieves 10 m/s pellet speeds for shallow pellet penetration to minimize fueling while providing the necessary localized plasma edge perturbation to trigger rapid ELMs. The ITER pellet system is being designed utilizing these developments to have the flexibility in pellet size and repetition rate to be employed for fueling and as an ELM pacing tool. High flow rate single valve and multi-valve gas jet systems have been developed for gas jet formation and used to mitigate high forces and halo currents in disruptions on DIII-D. The high flow single valve has an orifice diameter of 22 mm and can obtain flows in excess of 1 x 107 mbar-L/s. The multi-valve jet has achieved flows in excess of 3 x 106 mbar-L/s and has a fast rise time of less than 1 msec. Gas jets systems such as these or a large pellet based system are under consideration for use on ITER. (author)
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International Atomic Energy Agency, Division of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Physics Section, Vienna (Austria); Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne (Switzerland); 295 p; 2008; p. 169; FEC 2008: 22. IAEA fusion energy conference - 50th Anniversary Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research; Geneva (Switzerland); 13-18 Oct 2008; IT/P6--19; Also available on-line: http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Meetings/PDFplus/2008/cn165/cn165_BookOfAbstracts.pdf
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