[en] The present thesis consists of two parts. In the first part a novel experimental method for the measurement of the proton root-mean-square radius at the S-DALINAC is presented. A setup based on semiconductor detectors is realized. In contrast to previous experiments it allows a simultaneous measurement of the momentum transfer dependence of the elastic electron scattering cross section. A possible suppression of the significant electron and bremsstrahlung background observed in a test experiment was investigated with the help of different methods, such as ΔE-E telescopes, the time of flight method with a pulsed beam and pulse shape discrimination. The combination of these methods allows a reduction of the background at all scattering angles, which should allow a successful measurement. The response of the detector system was studied with the help of Monte-Carlo simulations with an emphasis on the dependence of the expected accuracy of different parameters. The second part of this work describes an investigation of the fine structure of giant resonances in ²⁸Si, ⁴⁸Ca and ¹⁶⁶Er with the help of a wavelet analysis. The discrete wavelet transform was used for a background determination in spectra of the iso vector E1 and the M2 giant resonances in ⁴⁸Ca. This allows the extraction of 1^- und 2^- level densities in the excitation energy region of the respective resonances with the help of a fluctuation analysis. A fluctuation analysis of the fine structure of the isoscalar E2 resonance in ¹⁶⁶Er allows the extraction of the coherent widths of the 2⁺ states. In the excitation energy region E_x=10-16 MeV widths between 30 and 80 eV are found. The fine structure of the giant resonances is furthermore specified by characteristic scales. In this thesis scales in ²⁸Si and ⁴⁸Ca are extracted with the help of the above mentioned wavelet transform. In ²⁸Si the isovector E1 and isoscalar E2 resonances were analyzed. Four scales at 110 keV, 410 keV, 640 keV and 2.2 MeV were found. The smallest one shows a systematic dependence on the excitation energy and rises from 110 keV at 16 MeV to 220 keV at 23 MeV. For the isoscalar E2 resonance in ²⁸Si six scales were found at 100 keV, 180 keV, 330 keV, 470 keV, 750 keV and 2.5 MeV. In ⁴⁸Ca the isovector E1 and the M2 resonances were investigated. The extracted scales for the isovector E1 resonance are at 190 keV, 290 keV, 650 keV and 3.3 MeV. (orig.)