[en] We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to characterize from the standpoint of childhood cancer epidemiology in the province of Ciego de Avila from January to December 2008. The sample consisted of all the managers or guardians, with inclusion criteria and signed informed consent. We applied a structured interview criteria validated by experts. The data were divided into tables and comments. Acute leukemias were most prevalent. The northern area had a higher proportional mortality and crude with 10.7 x c/100 people died and 0.05 respectively x c/1000 plus higher incidence rate, with 0.8 x c/10000 inhabitants. The higher prevalence of cancer diseases in the municipality of the chamber. The specific rates were in the group of 1 to 4 years and only 16.3% underwent early diagnosis of the disease. We conclude that working in the promotion, teaching and research to reduce childhood cancer mortality in the province