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Ferreira, Henrique P.; Parra, Duclerc F.; Lugao, Ademar B.
Associacao Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)2011
Associacao Brasileira de Energia Nuclear, Rio de Janeiro, RJ (Brazil)2011
AbstractAbstract
[en] Polymers exhibiting ion exchange capacity are studied for many years due to their application in several fields, such as membranes for proton exchange fuel cells, filtration membranes, heavy ions recovery and artificial muscles and sensors. Radiation induced grafting followed by sulfonation is a well-known way to obtain ion exchange polymers. Fluorinated polymers are frequently used as polymeric matrix for grafting due to their excellent physicochemical properties. Radiation induced grafting of styrene into poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) by simultaneous method in 1:1 styrene/toluene or styrene/N,N-dimethylformamide solutions was studied. Irradiations were performed under nitrogen atmosphere, room temperature and at doses of 5, 10 and 20 kGy with dose rate of 5 kGy.h-1 from a 60Co gamma source. After washing, grafted materials were sulfonated in 10% chlorosulfonic acid/1,2-dichloroethane solutions for 4 h at room temperature. Characterization shows that increasing irradiation dose corresponds to increases in the grafting yield (GY %) gravimetrically calculated and these different solvents shows different grafting behaviors. Toluene allows no more than 3 % of grafting while DMF allows up to 55 % of grafting in the same condition. Grafting in toluene solution occurs on the surface and in DMF solution it occurs in the bulk, as confirmed by SEM. Both irradiation doses and solvent used have direct effects in the ion exchange capacities (calculated after titrations). FT-IR spectra exhibit new peaks after grafting and after sulfonation, attributed to grafted monomer and sulfonic groups attached to the styrene. DSC shows differences in thermal behavior of the polymer before and after each step. (author)
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2011; 12 p; INAC 2011: International nuclear atlantic conference. Nuclear energy: new jobs for a better life; Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); 24-28 Oct 2011; 17. ENFIR: Meeting on nuclear reactor physics and thermal hydraulics; Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); 24-28 Oct 2011; 10. ENAN: Meeting on nuclear applications; Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); 24-28 Oct 2011; 2. ENIN: Meeting on nuclear industry; Belo Horizonte, MG (Brazil); 24-28 Oct 2011
Record Type
Miscellaneous
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Conference
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BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, CHEMICAL REACTIONS, CHEMISTRY, COBALT ISOTOPES, INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI, INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, MATERIALS, MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC POLYMERS, PETROCHEMICALS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PLASTICS, POLYMERS, POLYOLEFINS, POLYVINYLS, RADIOISOTOPES, SYNTHETIC MATERIALS, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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