[en] The Scientific Forum focused on sustainable food security in all its aspects. Plant Breeding and Genetics's (PBG) activities, which are demand driven, results based and outcome oriented, are already targeted towards broadening crop adaptation and change. In the future we will use the paradigm of 'climate smart agriculture' to even better meet the needs of the Member States. A central aspect of resilience to climate change, or adaptation to erratic weather variations, is broad biodiversity. According to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) biodiversity 'includes all The Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture is actively supporting Member States in adaptation strategies for climate change based on mutation induction and efficiency enhancing biotechnologies through various coordinated research projects (CRPs) and technical cooperation project (TCPs). Major thematic areas of the Plant Breeding and Genetics subprogramme are 'Crop improvement for high yield and enhanced adaptability to climate change' with major activities targeted towards fostering crop improvement (e.g. yield, quality, nutritional factors, market-preferred traits) as well as biodiversity protection, through applying mutation induction and efficiency enhancing bio-/molecular technologies, and 'Integrated soil-water-plant approaches to enhance food production and biomass productivity' with special emphasis on enhancing Member State capacities to advance food security through climate change mitigation and adaptation using integrated soil-plant approaches. The details of the coordinated research projects (CRPs) related to the issue of crop adaptability and supporting biodiversity implemented as part of the sub-programme are as follows: (1) The activities under the CRP 'Approaches to improvement of crop genotypes with high water and nutrient use efficiency for water scarce environments' focusses on assessing resources, in order to define and adapt best fit soil and water management practices depending on the available mutant varieties to be extended in nine Member States from Asia, Africa and Latin America, including Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, South Africa and Uganda. (2) The CRP on 'Climate proofing of food crops: genetic improvement for adaptation to high temperatures and drought prone areas and beyond' is being implemented in 11 developing countries across Asia, Africa and Latin America (Columbia, China, Cuba, India, Mexico, Myanmar, Pakistan, the Philippines, Senegal, United Republic of Tanzania, Zimbabwe), as well as in Australia, two Member States in Europe (Spain, United Kingdom (UK)) and the United States of America (USA). The project focusses on improving the grain yields of rice and common bean (essential staple foods in the diets of millions of impoverished and vulnerable populations) to high temperature stress in the face of climate change. (3) The CRP on 'Integrated utilization of cereal mutant varieties in crop/livestock production systems for climate smart agriculture' has the objective to develop and assess dual purpose cereal cropping systems (food and feed) in nine Member States from Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America, including Austria, China, Indonesia, Kuwait, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Peru and the UK. This CRP is but one stepping stone on our path towards a future focus of our subprogramme on climate smart agriculture. Climate smart agriculture is being promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and its partners, with the aim to sustainably increase productivity, resilience (adaptation), reduces/removes greenhouse gases (mitigation) while enhancing the achievement of national food security and development goals (FAO 2011). The High Level Panel on Food Security and Nutrition that supports the World Committee on Food Security reported in 2012 the importance of developing strategies for climate resilient agriculture and food security. In this context climate smart agriculture revitalizes food produc-ion and rural development, particularly in developing countries in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable manner. It is a low emission agriculture that does not compromise food security as resources are used more efficiently with reduced energy consumption. Enhanced biodiversity is a key requirement to protect against adverse environments and this will be created through improved mutation induction methods, e.g. X rays, ion beams, alone or in combination with traditional methods. Climate smart crop varieties need to be bred with traits that protect against adverse environments. Examples include, mutant ratooning rice for high yields and high economic impact when grown using best fit soil and water management practices which can reduce land preparation (no tillage) and land clearing for agriculture. A second example is hardy barley mutant varieties that withstand harsh weather conditions at 5000m above sea level. This barley is the basis of improved food security and livelihoods of seven million Andean native people in Peru. Coastal areas of Bangladesh can be reclaimed for soil salinity with mutant salt tolerant crops such as rice. The greatest step forward will be the development of accelerated breeding methods for desired mutant traits, which have the potential to shorten the breeding cycle from 10-15 years to 2-3 years in annual crops, thus providing a rapid response to Member State needs such as shorter growing period, water and salinity stresses and extreme temperatures.