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AbstractAbstract
[en] The serious accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plants once again highlighted the importance of planning and implementing measures for radiological and emergency protection. Of course, the accident happened a long way away and its impact in Switzerland was somewhat marginal but it was soon realised that action and improvements would be required in Switzerland as well. In May 2011, the Swiss Federal Council, in response to a report by the Swiss Federal Nuclear Safety Inspectorate (ENSI), set up an interdepartmental working group to review emergency protection plans in the event of an extreme accident in Switzerland. The report identified 56 instances where modifications would be required to existing statutory and organisational measures for radiological and emergency protection. Of particular importance for the supervisory activities of ENSI were those relating to redundancy, the reliability of monitoring and forecasting systems and also telephony. In addition, ENSI has initiated a review of reference scenarios and emergency planning zones. However, the 8th Annual Report of ENSI deals solely with radiological protection in nuclear facilities in Switzerland: Section A covers both exposure rates for staff and individual job rates whereas Section B deals with releases from nuclear facilities and the monitoring of radioactivity in their immediate vicinity. Compared with previous years, there was little change in either collective or average individual doses. The average individual exposure rate for personnel in nuclear facilities of 0.6 mSv was significantly lower than both the maximum annual limit for persons exposed to radiation during their work (20 mSv) and the annual average rate of exposure for the population in Switzerland as a whole (5.5 mSv). The highest individual dose during the year under review was 11 mSv; this involved an individual employed by an external company working at the Leibstadt nuclear facility. At the Beznau, Goesgen and Muehleberg nuclear power plants, maximum rates did not exceed 10 mSv. In contrast to 2009 and 2010, there were no exposure rates in excess of the statutory maximum limits. The comparatively low collective and individual doses were the result of effective improvements, particularly in areas where personnel are working in high and variable radiation fields. As a result, ENSI has concluded that Swiss nuclear facilities continue to operate a consistent policy of radiological protection. However, particular attention should be given to increases in local dose rates from some individual components in the Beznau and Leibstadt nuclear power plants. In contrast, the corresponding rates in Muehleberg remain constant and at Goesgen, they continue to decline. ENSI has for many years operated a network that automatically monitors dose rates in the vicinity of nuclear power plants (MADUK). The results are also made available to the Swiss National Emergency Operations Centre, the Ministry of the Environment in Baden-Wuerttemberg and the European Radiological Data Exchange Platform operated by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. Emissions from Swiss nuclear facilities are similar to those in previous years. For infants in the immediate vicinity of a nuclear facility, that means an annual dose of less than 10 μSv. The Central Interim Storage Facility at Wuerenlingen has now installed appropriate filtration and this has reversed the trend in recent years for increases in water-borne releases of radiation. However, at Muehleberg the reductions are not yet sufficient and further improvements to waste water systems are planned. In the field of dispersion calculations, the integration of the MeteoSwiss 3D wind fields with a spatial resolution of 2 km is now completed. As a result, hourly simulations are calculated for all locations around a nuclear power plant. These calculations, combined with the annual aero-radiometric test flights, provide a system of precise instrumentation that is useable, valuable and available at any time for analysing the current situation and forecasting the development of radiation. In 2010, the exposure rates (mSv/year) for the general population in Switzerland were as following: Radon: 3.2, Medical: 1.2, Terrestrial: 0.35, Cosmic radiation: 0.4, Radionuclides in human: 0.35, Other: ≤ 0.1; Total: 5.5
Original Title
Strahlenschutzbericht 2011
Primary Subject
Source
Jun 2012; 101 p; ISSN 1661-2914; 

Record Type
Report
Literature Type
Numerical Data; Progress Report
Report Number
Country of publication
AERIAL MONITORING, COMPILED DATA, CONTAMINATION, EMERGENCY PLANS, ENVIRONMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE, FISSION PRODUCT RELEASE, INSPECTION, INTERNATIONAL NUCLEAR EVENT SCALE, LEGAL ASPECTS, LEGISLATION, NUCLEAR FACILITIES, PROGRESS REPORT, RADIATION ACCIDENTS, RADIATION DETECTION, RADIATION DOSES, RADIATION MONITORING, RADIATION PROTECTION, REACTOR SITES, REGULATORY GUIDES, REVIEWS, SWITZERLAND
Reference NumberReference Number
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INIS IssueINIS Issue