[en] Although media focus is on the potenial impacts of fraccing, the real sustainability challenge may be the fate of water produced during coal seam gas extraction. The fractures within a coal seam contain groundwater as well as gas, the production rates of this associated water vary considerably. Dealing with the treatment and disposal of this saline water requires careful management and regulation to minimise environmental impacts. Reverse osmosis (RO), ion exchange and electrodialysis reversal, and capacitive deionisation are some of the ways this water has been treated. A new emerging technology currently under trial in Australia, is continuous ionic filtration (CIF), a process that claims to be effective in removing bicarbonates, scaling agents and general desalination. One of the advantages of CIF is that no pre-treatment is required and can therefore be used as a standalone water treatment solution or as a pre-treatment for RO plants.