[en] We propose a unified approach for the construction of mathematical models for the formation of surface topography and calculation of its roughness parameters for different methods of machining processes. The approach is based on a process of geometric copy tool in the material which superimposes plastico-elastic deformation, oscillatory occurrences in processing and random components of the profile. The unified approach makes it possible to reduce the time forcreation of simulated stochastic model for a specific type of processing and guarantee the accuracy of geometric parameters calculation of the surface. We make an application example of generalized model for calculation of roughness density distribution Ra in external sharpening. (paper)