[en] Today, the nucleons (protons and neutrons) make up most of the visible matter in the universe, from the nucleus to the galaxy. Understanding the fundamental constituents of the nucleon and the internal parton dynamics is of great interest of modern physics. However, describing the nucleon structure with the fundamental degrees of freedom of quarks and gluons in the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) framework remains as one of the most outstanding challenges in modern high energy nuclear and particle physics. In the last decades, largely due to the worldwide collaborative effort and advances in beam acceleration and target polarization technologies, tremendous progress has been made in the study of nucleon structure with polarized high energy leptons and hadron beams. The complementarity of lepton scattering and pure hadronic interaction is critical in the study of nucleon structure and QCD. In this presentation, I highlight a few recent achievements in the study of the nucleon structure with high energy (polarized) hadronic scatterings at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), at COMPASS at CERN as well as the SeaQuest experiments at Fermilab. Future prospects of new opportunities at the above and other facilities worldwide are also discussed briefly. (author)