[en] Highlights: • PANI hydrogel derived N-doped carbon surves as cathode of supercapacitor. • MOF derived Co₃O₄ surves as electrodes with specific capacitance of 637.7 F g⁻¹. • The porous structure anode and cathode benefits the electrochemical properties of ASC. In the present work, asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) are assembled using a highly conductive N-doped nanocarbon (NDC) material derived from a polyaniline hydrogel as a cathode, and Ni foam covered with flower-like Co₃O₄ nanosheets (Co₃O₄-Ni) prepared from a zeolitic imidazolate metal-organic framework as a single precursor serves as a high gravimetric capacitance anode. At a current of 0.2 A g⁻¹, the Co₃O₄-Ni electrode provides a gravimetric capacitance of 637.7 F g⁻¹, and the NDC electrode provides a gravimetric capacitance of 359.6 F g⁻¹. The ASC assembled with an optimal active material loading operates within a wide potential window of 0–1.1 V, and provides a high areal capacitance of 25.7 mF cm⁻². The proposed ASC represents a promising strategy for designing high-performance supercapacitors.