[en] Full text: The identification and quantification of different contaminants in natural waters have been widely disseminated in scientific journals. In the last two decades, drugs and their metabolites, also called emerging contaminants, have been highlighted. The problem of their existence in the environment, besides its persistence, is related to the occurrence of more resistant bacteria, being a serious risk to health. Thus, the objectives of this project were characterization of cattail leaves, Typha angustifolia L. in natura, and application of the biosorbent for the removal of the antibiotic chloramphenicol in aqueous samples. The material was characterized by Fourier Transform in the Infrared Region (FTIR), Point of Zero Charge (PZC), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), as well as surface area measurements (Brunauer, Emmett, Teller-BET). Batch experiments were performed considering the influence of analyte concentration, whose supernatant solution was quantified by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC). Mathematical models were applied to elucidate the mechanism involved in the removal of the analyte, such as, Langmuir and Freundlich models for determination of the maximum capacity and determination of the constants involved in the adsorption process. The data were treated using mean and standard deviation calculations, and then they were compared with results available in the literature. (author)