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AbstractAbstract
[en] In this study, the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 222Rn, and 40K, emanation fractions (P), equilibrium equivalent concentration (EEC), and mass exhalation rates (Em) of radon released from building materials used in Malaysia were studied using gamma-ray spectrometer with HPGe detector. Radiological parameters [activity concentration index (ACI), indoor air-absorbed dose rate (Din), annual effective dose (AEDin) from external and internal (ERn), soft tissues (HST) and lung (HL), and effective dose equivalent (Heff)] were estimated to evaluate radiological hazards due to the use of these building materials: sand, cement, gravel, bricks, tiles, fly ash, white cement, and ceramic raw materials. The measured P, EEC, and Em vary from 10 to 30%, 0.9 to 22 Bq m−3, and 33 to 674 mBq h−1 kg−1, respectively, while the calculated ACI and AEDin vary from 0.1 ± 0.01 to 2.1 ± 0.1 and 0.1 ± 0.01 to 2.4 ± 0.6 mSv y−1, respectively. On the other hand, the internal annual effective dose ranges from 0.1 to 1.4 mSv y−1. The estimated radiological risk parameters were below the recommended maximum values, and radiological hazards associated with building materials under investigation are therefore negligible.
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Copyright (c) 2019 China Science Publishing & Media Ltd. (Science Press), Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Nuclear Society and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.; Country of input: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
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Journal Article
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ACTINIDE NUCLEI, AEROSOL WASTES, ALKALINE EARTH ISOTOPES, ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, ASHES, BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BETA-PLUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, BODY, BUILDING MATERIALS, CARBON 14 DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, COMBUSTION PRODUCTS, CONTAMINATION, DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, DIMENSIONLESS NUMBERS, DOSES, ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES, ELEMENTS, EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI, FLUIDS, GASES, GE SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS, HEAVY ION DECAY RADIOISOTOPES, HEAVY NUCLEI, ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES, ISOTOPES, LIGHT NUCLEI, MATERIALS, MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, NANOSECONDS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES, NONMETALS, NUCLEI, ODD-ODD NUCLEI, POTASSIUM ISOTOPES, RADIATION DETECTORS, RADIATION DOSES, RADIOISOTOPES, RADIUM ISOTOPES, RADON ISOTOPES, RARE GASES, RESIDUES, SEMICONDUCTOR DETECTORS, SPECTROMETERS, SPONTANEOUS FISSION RADIOISOTOPES, THORIUM ISOTOPES, WASTES, YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
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