[en] This document reports the hearing of the delegate of a French professional body of nuclear energy (SFEN) by the Parliamentary Office of assessment of scientific and technological choices. This hearing addressed the abortion of the Astrid programme and the implementation of a new programme for the promotion of a circular economy within the sector. After having briefly evoked the disappointment of the sector regarding this abortion, the delegate, while commenting the current climate challenge and trends noticed regarding investments in the nuclear sector, outlines the need for more innovation at the world level in nuclear energy. She evokes new projects undertaken by various actors (4. generation reactors, transverse technologies, new applications) and notices that most of the R and D infrastructure (research reactors, laboratories) is becoming obsolete. She discusses the emergency regarding resources, the international competition related to fast breeder reactors, and the issue of maintenance or development of skills on fast-breeder rectors. Two issues are then outlined: a technological and industrial skill cannot be maintained through R and D only, and the sector may face difficulties in recruiting the best research talents if there is no project of fourth-generation reactor. The delegate concludes by outlining that France needs a strong nuclear industry, and that France needs strong international partnerships