[en] After having very briefly evoked the different types of nuclear wastes, their different origins, the different perceptions and opinions citizen have on these wastes, the author outlines and comments the paradoxes which can be noticed regarding the knowledge of citizen about these wastes, the fear they may have, and modalities of dialogue and of decision making they prefer for the handling of these issues. Then, in order to address how wastes can be addressed by economic analysis, she distinguishes and discusses a technician approach which addresses efficiency issues (how to determine the best choice in terms of costs, prices, quantities, risk, location, and goods management), and an institutional or political approach which questions life in society and collective choices susceptible to suits the largest number (or the dominants), and which integrates conflicts.