[en] The aim of this work is to generally introduce necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) as a serious pathophysiological unit of the neonatal period, thus drawing the attention of primarily young radiologists to the importance of early recognition and radiological diagnosis of this disease, leading to an adequate therapeutic response and a better prognosis for patients with minimal later complications. The work is supplemented by radiologic documentation and selected case studies of patients hospitalized at The Department of Neonatology of M. Rusnak, SZU and UNB examined at the pediatric diagnostic imaging unit of The Radiology Department of LFUK, SZU and UNB, University Hospital Bratislava in 2017. (author)