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Colonna, Paul; Duplan, Jean-Luc; Lorne, Daphne; Legrand, Jack; Lenet, Elisabeth; Boissonnet, Guillaume
Academie d'agriculture de France,18, rue de Bellechasse, 75007 Paris (France)2020
Academie d'agriculture de France,18, rue de Bellechasse, 75007 Paris (France)2020
AbstractAbstract
[en] The production of biofuels from biological resources has been the subject of much controversy. Their opportunity update deserves to be revisited for technological maturity and assess their relevance in response to current environmental concerns. Innovations in biotechnological and chemical processes allow a wide range of liquid and gaseous biofuels; their characteristics concern energy content, compatibility with fossil fuels and openness towards strictly chemical uses. The factors driving this technological market's evolution are the implementation of abundant public policies, the evolution of agronomic practices, the concern for carbon sequestration in soils, the expectations of the aeronautical sector with biokerosenes, and consumer behaviours. From field crops and forests, the mobilizable raw materials have been extended to microalgae, animal, households and plant wastes. Biofuels are then part of the territorial bio-economy and the circular economy. Value chains are more complex than those traditionally focused on biodiesel based on oilseeds and sucrose from beet, cane or starch from wheat or maize. The integration of economic actors and the scaling of markets have been the subject of foresight work at international and French levels. Environmental sustainability is generally proven, with reservations for some sources (soya, oil palm). Biofuels are part of a food-energy-environment nexus. Public policies, if based on the sustainability and social acceptability of biotechnology, will also guide the choices of economic interests alone. This article discusses the research and development work needed to make biofuels a sustainable part of energy policy. (authors)
[fr]
La production de biocarburants a partir de ressources biologiques a fait l'objet de nombreuses controverses. Leur opportunite merite d'etre revisitee pour la maturite technologique et evaluer leur pertinence en reponse aux preoccupations environnementales actuelles. Les innovations dans les procedes biotechnologiques et chimiques permettent une large gamme de biocarburants liquides et gazeux; leurs caracteristiques concernent le contenu energetique, la compatibilite avec les carburants fossiles, l'ouverture vers des usages strictement chimiques. Les facteurs d'evolution de ce marche technologique sont l'implantation de politiques publiques foisonnantes, l'evolution des pratiques agronomiques, la preoccupation de sequestration du carbone dans les sols, les attentes du secteur aeronautique avec les biokerosenes, et les comportements des consommateurs. A partir des plantes de grande culture et des forets, les matieres premieres mobilisables se sont elargies aux microalgues, aux dechets animaux et vegetaux. Les biocarburants s'inscrivent alors dans la bioeconomie territoriale et l'economie circulaire. Les chaines de valeur sont plus complexes que celles anciennes centrees sur le biodiesel a base d'oleagineux et de saccharose de betterave, de canne ou d'amidon de ble ou de mais. L'integration des acteurs economiques et le dimensionnement des marches ont fait l'objet de travaux de prospective aux echelles internationales et francaises. La durabilite environnementale est averee globalement avec toutefois des reserves pour certaines sources (soja, palmier a huile). Les biocarburants s'inserent dans un nexus alimentation-energieenvironnement. Les politiques publiques, si elles se fondent sur la durabilite et l'acceptabilite sociale des biotechnologies, orienteront aussi les choix des seuls interets economiques. Cet article aborde les travaux de recherche et developpement necessaires pour inscrire durablement les biocarburants dans les politiques energetiques. (auteurs)Primary Subject
Secondary Subject
Source
19 Mar 2020; 48 p; 124 refs.; Available from the INIS Liaison Officer for France, see the INIS website for current contact and E-mail addresses
Record Type
Miscellaneous
Report Number
Country of publication
BIODIESEL FUELS, BIOETHANOL, BIOGAS PROCESS, BIOMASS PLANTATIONS, CARBON SEQUESTRATION, ENERGY CROPS, ENERGY DEMAND, ENERGY SOURCE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, GASIFICATION, KEROSENE, LAND USE, MARKET, METHANE, NATIONAL ENERGY PLANS, RESOURCE ASSESSMENT, SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS, SUSTAINABILITY, WOOD WASTES
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL, ALCOHOLS, ALKANES, ALTERNATIVE FUELS, ANAEROBIC DIGESTION, BIOCONVERSION, BIOFUELS, BIOMASS, CONTROL, CROPS, DEMAND, DIGESTION, DISTILLATES, ENERGY POLICY, ENERGY SOURCES, ETHANOL, FOSSIL FUELS, FUELS, GAS OILS, GOVERNMENT POLICIES, HYDROCARBONS, HYDROXY COMPOUNDS, INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS, LIQUID FUELS, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, ORGANIC WASTES, PETROLEUM, PETROLEUM DISTILLATES, PETROLEUM FRACTIONS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, POLLUTION CONTROL, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, SEPARATION PROCESSES, SOLID WASTES, THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES, WASTES
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