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Delair, Marie; Pellerin-Carlin, Thomas
Institut Jacques Delors / Jacques Delors energy Centre, 18, rue de Londres, 75009 Paris (France)2021
Institut Jacques Delors / Jacques Delors energy Centre, 18, rue de Londres, 75009 Paris (France)2021
AbstractAbstract
[en] At the heart of the European Union, Germany plays a key role in the energy transition. In 2000, it began its 'energy turnaround' (energiewende) which aims first to transform its electric power production system, then more generally the whole of its energy system. While the Germans are voting in September 2021, this policy-paper takes stock of 20 years of German energy policy choices. Often caricatured in Europe, and in particular in France, the sovereign choice to exit nuclear energy historically constitutes the first pillar of German energy strategy. This democratic choice is becoming reality. This 'no' to nuclear power is linked to a 'yes' to renewable energies. Wind and solar energies have progressed spectacularly, to the point of allowing Germany to begin the path which should lead it to exit nuclear power by 2022, and to exit coal before 2038. Germany is therefore completing its 'energy turnaround', which began over 20 years ago. But to achieve the new objective of climate neutrality of 2045, which Germany has set for itself, a simple 'turning point' is not enough. The next German coalition will have to scale up and make choices that look more like a 'great transformation', or even a real energy 'revolution'. And these political choices, on major challenges of energy sobriety, innovation, energy citizenship or electrification will have to be taken up at the level of Germany, Europe and the whole world
[fr]
Au coeur de l'Union Europeenne, l'Allemagne joue un role cle dans la transition energetique. Des 2000, elle entame son 'tournant energetique' (energiewende) qui vise d'abord a transformer son systeme de production d'electricite, puis plus generalement l'integralite de son systeme energetique. Alors que les Allemands votent ce 26 Septembre 2021, ce policy-paper dresse un bilan de 20 ans de choix allemands de politique energetique. Souvent caricaturee en Europe, et notamment en France, le choix souverain de sortie de l'energie nucleaire constitue historiquement le premier pilier de la strategie energetique allemande. Ce choix democratique, reflechi, est en train de devenir realite. Ce 'non' au nucleaire s'articule avec un 'oui' aux energies renouvelables. Les energies eoliennes et solaires ont progresse de maniere spectaculaire, au point de permettre a l'Allemagne d'entamer le chemin qui devrait l'amener a sortir du nucleaire des 2022, et a sortir du charbon avant 2038. L'Allemagne est donc en train de reussir son 'tournant energetique', amorce il y a plus de 20 ans. Mais pour atteindre le nouvel objectif de la neutralite climat des 2045, que l'Allemagne s'est fixee, un simple 'tournant' ne suffit pas. La prochaine coalition allemande devra changer d'echelle et faire des choix qui ressemblent plus a une 'grande transformation', voire a une veritable 'revolution' energetique. Et ces choix politiques, sur des defis majeurs de sobriete energetique, d'innovation, de citoyennete energetique ou d'electrification devront etre releves a la fois a l'echelle de l'Allemagne, de l'Europe et du mondeOriginal Title
La transition energetique allemande - Bilan de 20 ans de choix politiques. Policy Paper No. 270, Septembre 2021
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Sep 2021; 21 p; 62 refs.; Available from the INIS Liaison Officer for France, see the INIS website for current contact and E-mail addresses
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Miscellaneous
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ELECTRIC POWER, ENERGY SOURCE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY, EUROPEAN UNION, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY, FOSSIL FUELS, GERMAN FR ORGANIZATIONS, HISTORICAL ASPECTS, IMPLEMENTATION, NATIONAL ENERGY PLANS, NUCLEAR POWER, NUCLEAR POWER PHASEOUT, PLANNING, POLITICAL ASPECTS, POWER GENERATION, RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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