[en] In this thesis, a numerical tool is elaborated by combining a Stark lineshape code with another code developed for the calculation of the recombination continuum due to bound-free and free-free transitions. The tool is intended to model whole Balmer spectra emitted by hydrogen or deuterium atoms for tokamak divertor plasma conditions with a focus on recombining plasmas (detachment regime). In addition to Stark line broadening, the plasma environment affects hydrogen atoms by lowering the ionization potential leading to the advance of the continuum. For hydrogen emission, these statistical plasma effects are retained using the dissolution factor approach which allows the modeling of the gradual line merging into the continuum. In this approach, bound levels are considered as free levels beyond a critical level depending on the plasma parameters. The approach is implemented by extending the continuum beyond the theoretical series limit and transforming bound levels to free ones. For simplicity, beyond the Inglis-Teller limit, the profiles of the Balmer lines are extrapolated from that of the last resolved line. For low electron densities, the line intensities are calculated using a collisional-radiative model. The numerical tool was checked by comparison with an experimental spectrum from literature. The numerical tool was applied to predict synthetic spectra for WEST using spatial distributions of the hydrogen density and of the plasma parameters simulated along viewing chords by the transport code SOLEDGE2D-EIRENE. This approach of synthetic diagnostics of plasma spectroscopy, can easily be extended for efficient predictions for future fusion devices like ITER and DEMO. (author)