[en] This strategic note first aims at highlighting economic stakes and the necessity of a favourable environment for a fast development of pyrolysis and gasification technologies in France (for job creation, company competitiveness, energy independence), and secondly at proposing to public authorities a favourable regulatory and economic framework for the development of these technologies which could be a support to the 2014-2020 Waste Plan, and could contribute to the reduction of the use of land-filling, and to energy transition. It briefly recalls the definitions of pyrolysis and gasification, outlines the benefits of a transformation into energy compounds, gives a brief overview of the status of these processes, outlines stakes related to their development, discusses economic impacts of their development, identifies brakes and levers for the development of this sector. Recommendations are then formulated regarding regulatory, taxing, and incentive measures. Sheets in appendix present existing processes