[en] Soil management is at the center of several priority political projects: decarbonization, agro-ecological transition and land sobriety. However, unlike water or air, soil is a natural medium for which no public body is specifically responsible. Long considered as an abundant resource, soil is now at the center of greater competition between uses: soils are needed to feed ourselves but also to build new housing, develop renewable energies or carbon sequestration. The quality of soil is becoming a major issue, not only in terms of space but also of environmental service. This note formulates 14 proposals for good land use and soil health, concerning several areas of action: construction and housing energy, forestry, agriculture and food... Arbitration will be necessary between housing, agricultural use or forests or the contribution of soils to decarbonization (biomass sequestration), while avoiding erosion, pollution, salinization, etc. To do this, a soil health indicator must be developed that takes into account soil fertility, biodiversity and their ability to regulate the water cycle. The orientation of French agricultural model will be at the center of these concerns, while many retirements or farm transfers are expected in the coming decade. Soil quality must become a central criterion for the development of agricultural practices