[en] Various collective methods were investigated (theoretically and experimentally). Two separate channels with pulsed electron beam of 0.5 to 1.0 MeV and 20 to 30 kA were used. Data on autoacceleration of electrons due to passage of beam through diaphragmed waveguide were obtained, particularly dependence of exit spectrum on waveguide and input beam characteristics. In the experiments, groups of electrons increase their energy to two-three times as a result of autoacceleration. An improvement by using programmed wave phase velocity and by cutting the low energy part of the spectrum is discussed. Experimental data concerning acceleration of protons and deuterons up to several MeV due to electron beam passage through gas were obtained: ion energy spectrum, acceleration rate, influence of gas pressure. The role of the pressure gradient and of beam front velocity control is considered. Ion acceleration by shifting of electron beam crossover by means of gas lenses is discussed