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AbstractAbstract
[en] The NOAA/APL energetic particle experiment (EPE) on Imp 7 (Explorer 47) is capable of measuring hot plasma flow with a temporal resolution of 20 s if the densities exceed approx.0.1 cm-3. The lowest-energy electron channel (30--90 keV) can detect plasma with kTapprox.1 keV, while the lowest-energy proton channel (50--200 keV) can detect plasmas at similar temperatures if they have a bulk velocity of approximately-greater-than50 km s-1. The bulk velocities can be deduced from the measured proton angular distributions (16 sectors in the ecliptic) by using straightforward expressions derived from phase space transformations of a Maxwellian distribution. Representative examples are given for quiet time flow in the magnetosheath (Vapprox.500 km s-1, kTapprox. =5 keV) and the magnetotail (Vapprox.70 km s-1, kT/subp/approx.10 keV), with T/subp//T/sube/>3 in both cases. A detailed example of a class of high-intensity events that occur in the plasma sheet in the dusk sector of the magnetosphere is also presented. The 1-hour event (0520--0620 UT, October 3, 1973) was associated with a 1500-γ depression in the H component of the geomagnetic field at Barrow, Alaska. Tailward velocities of 1260 km s-1 were deduced during the expansive phase of the substorm, and sunward velocities of approx.950 km s-1 during the recovery. Comparison with higher-energy proton measurements on the same spacecraft over the first year of data (September 1972 to October 1973) reveals that the larger events often have a nonthermal tail, although bulk velocities, densities, and temperatures deduced from the smaller events are consistent with previous measurements of plasma flow by other workers
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Journal of Geophysical Research; v. 81(13); p. 2304-2314
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