[en] The use of radiation technology to prepare feeds and feed additions for cattle of non-feed vegetable blends is considered.Physicochemical foundations of radiation-chemical processes, possibilities of the use of various radiation devices are given. Data on practical realization of the technology are presented and prospects of its introduction to solve the tasks put forward by the USSR program on feed production are analyzed

[en] The reaction of dicyclohexyl-18-crown-6 and 18-crown-6 with primary radiolysis products of water was studied by the pulsed radiolysis and EPR spectroscopy methods. Crown ethers are highly reactive with respect to H atoms and OH and O^- radicals and slightly reactive with respect to hydrated electrons. The H atoms and OH and O^- radicals dehydrogenate crown ethers without rupturing the cyclic structure to form a short-lived radical (λ/sub max/ = 260 nm). The secondary reactions of radicals are accompanied by the decomposition of the cyclic structure. The radiation-chemical yield of the decomposition of the crown ether molecules in aqueous solutions is 0.6 for 18-crown-6 and 0.9 for dicyclohexyl-18-crown per 100 eV

[en] Short note

[en] The formation of the disperse phase of AgCl in aqueous solutions containing organochlorine compounds as additives was studied by pulsed radiolysis. It was shown that attenuation of light is only due to scattering on colloidal particles of (AgCl)_m. The Rayleigh law (D ∼ λ^-n) is satisfied for the optical spectra. The values of n decrease from 4 to 3 with an increase in D, which indicates an increase in the average particle size from ≤50 to ∼140 nm. The composition of the solution (its ionic strength in particular) significantly affects the formation and stability of the disperse phase. 11 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs

[en] The work is aimed at more detailed theoretical analysis of the structure of radicals in cellulose gamma-irradiated at 77 K, specification of the mechanism of their formation, as well as studying reactions of transformation of radicals in the case of temperature increase. It is established that in the case of cellulose gamma-irradiation radicals appear with the localization of an unpaired electron in 1 and 4 positions of the pyranose cycle the formation of which is accompanied by the disruption of the glycoside bound. Thermal transformations of these radicals are conditioned by their dehydration and occur with the formation of radicals of the allelow type

No abstract available

[en] Short note

[en] The change of reducing substances content in recalculation for glucose and content of compounds with multiple bonds in recalculation for furfurol under various condition of γ-radiolysis of hydrolysis substrates is studied. Irradiation has been carried out at 300 K, dose rate has constituted 220 rad/c. It is established that during irradiation the concentration of unsaturated compounds decreases and the concentration of reducing substances increases. Shown is the improving effect of radiation treatment on nutrient media, which manifests itself in the considerable increase of the output of total protein

No abstract available

[en] The possibility of obtaining atomic copper (Cu⁰) and the mechanisms of its radiation-chemical transformations in aqueous solutions of Cu(I) with addition of NaCl (2 M) and methanol were studied by pulse radiolysis. It was shown that the reduction of Cu(I) proceeds via the stage of unstable Cu(O) chloride complex, which rapidly decomposes to Cu⁰. In the decay of Cu⁰, a dimeric Cu₂⁺ ion is first formed, and then more complex particles with the composition of Cu/sub n//sup m+/ are obtained. A further increase in the clusters leads to the separation of metallic complex. Absorption spectra of the particles formed were obtained and the rate constants of their formation and decay reactions were measured