[en] A brief description of the aims fixed for nuclear engineering is followed by a discussion of the status of nuclear engineering. Besides, the paper outlines the future development of nuclear engineering and deals with future requirements and measures. (orig.)

[en] Following the principle of accident prevention, current guidelines and criteria for the protection of the population and the environment have to be revised and extended, especially with regard to hazards emanating from nuclear power plants. With the safety criteria for nuclear power plants, requirements have been set up regarding preventive safety measures and quality assurance measures which can only be fulfilled by a quality contol system that has to be agreed upon by all parties concerned. Control of quality planning and quality specifications by the experts consulted by the licensing authorities are playing a major part within this system. Not only the requirements of the atomic energy law and the law on the protection of the environment but also technological and industrial developments - such as rapid innovation, new materials and methods - call for an intensification of efforts to achieve uniform quality assurance. (orig./RW) 891 RW/orig.- 892 HIS

[en] In LWR fuel elements, the fuel rods are held by a grid of bridge elements in quadratic geometry. In order to produce these zirconium alloy spacers with less material expenditure, it is proposed to equip all bridge elements of one direction with surfaces that are inclined in the direction of coolant flow. According to the invention, this is achieved by placing them at an angle to the coolant flow and cutting them out so as to make them curved. (UWI) 891 HP

No abstract available

[en] A boiling-water reactor has control rods operable from the top of the reactor pressure vessel and has control rod guide tubes structurally connected with upwardly removable water separators in a steam space above the reactor core

[en] Today's quality assurance measures including personnel qualification do meet the requirements made by safety technology and the business objectives. However, in practice they are not always as officient and economic as could be and ought to become for long-term public and economic acceptance. The resonances therefore are related to the presently prevailing mechanistic understanding of quality assurance and to the fact that personnel training continues to be mostly one-dimensional specialized-technology qualification. (orig.)

[en] A proposal is presented for a LWR core meltdown research project aimed at (1) characterization of the structural concrete and preparation of a coordinated catalog of its properties, (2) study of the corium-concrete system, (3) study of the corium-concrete interaction under specified contact conditions, and (4) associated thermodynamic analyses

[en] The spacer grids for fuel elements of water-cooled nuclear reactors consist of metal bars crossing over at right angles with rigid support knobs and spring support elements. These support elements are made as narrow corrugated strip. Stepped bent projections are provided on their ends, which are supported from the metal bar. This avoids a metallurgical connection between the metal bars and the support elements. The metal bars can be manufactured from a zirconium alloy and the support elements from Inconel. (DG)

[en] In the BWR with water separators in the steam space, the control rods are inserted from above into the core. The drive units for this are arranged outside the pressure vessel and provided with guide tubes running through the steam space which are structurally combined with the water separators. Each guide has several absorber elements. Below each guide, a hydraulic shock absorber is mounted, the cooling water serving as hydraulic liquid. Within the guideways the control rods showing a cruciform profile or designed as rod cluster elements are guided by webs or rails in such a manner that they engage correctly into the gap between the fuel elements. The structural connection with the steam space may be achieved by means of a standpipe embracing the rails at this position. (DG)

[en] The spacer grid for the fuel assemblies of a water-cooled reactor consists of two rows of sheet metal webs intersecting each other at right angles and arranged on edge. The webs forming the grid meshes are all constructed the same way. Alternately rigid knobs are formed from the webs and elastic fitting elements hung in. At mesh distance all webs have got slots by means of which the intersecting webs of the grid are put together. The elastic fitting elements are designed stepped or corrugated and, with the end piece, fastened to the webs. The webs may thus be fabricated from a zirconium alloy, while only the elastic elements consist, e.g., of Inconel. (DG)